India is one of the major players in the agriculture sector worldwide and it is the primary source of livelihood for half of India’s population. India ranks second worldwide in farm outputs. As per the Indian Economic Survey 2018, agriculture employed more than 50% of the Indian workforce and contributed 17–18% to the country’s GDP. India has the world’s largest area planted for wheat, rice, and cotton, and is the largest producer of milk, pulses, and spices in the world. It is the second-largest producer of fruit, vegetables, tea, farmed fish, cotton, sugarcane, wheat, rice, cotton, and sugar.

The agriculture sector in India holds the record for second-largest agricultural land in the world generating employment for about half of the country’s population. The net sown area of India directly or indirectly depends on the level of agriculture of the particular region or the total cropped area. India’s total geographical area accounts to be 329 million hectares and of this, 195 million hectares is the gross cropped area while 141 million hectares is the net sown area.