Wheat is grown only in the rabi season (winter). It is planted in late November through the end of January and harvested in April.  Wheat cultivation in India has traditionally been dominated by the northern region of India. The northern states of Punjab and Haryana Plains in India have been prolific wheat producers. Major wheat-growing states in India are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, and Gujarat. 

India Wheat Growing Zones

The entire wheat-growing areas of the country have been categorized into 6 major zones as follows

1. Northern Hill Zone (NHZ): Hilly areas of J&K (except Jammu, Kathua, and Samba districts), Himachal Pradesh (except Una & Paonta valley), Uttarakhand (excluding Tarai region) & Sikkim (Total Area 0.8 million ha)

2. North Western Plains Zone (NWPZ): Punjab, Haryana, Western UP (except Jhansi Div), Rajasthan (excluding Kota & Udaipur div), Delhi, Tarai region of Uttarakhand, Una & Paonta valley of HP, Jammu, Samba & Kathua districts of J&K and Chandigarh. (Total Area 11.55 million ha)

3. North Eastern Plains Zone (NEPZ):  Eastern UP(28 dist), Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Assam, Odisha, and other NE states (except Sikkim) (Total Area 10.5 million ha)

4. Central Zone: MP, Gujarat, Chattisgarh, Kota & Udaipur Div of Rajasthan & Jhansi Div of UP. (Total Area 5.2 million ha)

5. Peninsular Zone: Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu (except Nilgiris & Palani Hills), Karnataka & Andhra Pradesh (Total Area 1.6 million ha)

6. Southern Hill Zone(SHZ):  Nilgiris & Palani Hills of Tamil Nadu (Total Area 0.1 million ha)

Varieties:
The main varieties of wheat grown in India are as follows VL-832,VL-804, HS-365, HS-240 , HD2687, WH-147, WH-542, PBW-343, WH-896(d), PDW-233(d), UP-2338, PBW-502, Shresth (HD 2687), Aditya (HD 2781), HW-2044, HW-1085, NP-200(di), HW-741.

Source: RBI statistics